Vaporizing and spraying device



Dec. 7 1926. 1;609,863 I l. COWLES VAPORIZING AND SPRAYING DEVICE Filed April 5, 1922 Patented Dec. 7, 1926.

ITED STATES IRVING COWLES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

VAPORIZING AND SPRAYING DEVICE.

Application filed April 5,

This invention relates to devices of the type designed to vaporize and spray the discharge from atomizers, engine primers, and similar instruments. The present invention is designed chiefly as a device for vaporizing and spraying into the intake manifold or cylinder of an internal combustion engine a previously prepared explosive charge of gasoline and air; but it will be apparent that the invention is capable of use in other situations and relations wherever it may be desirable to elf-ectively vaporize and spray any liquid or semi-liquid material issuing under pressure from the distributing nozzle.

The common practice in vaporizing and spraying devices of this character is to proide in the spraying nozzle one or more fine holes or riiices which easily become clogged from foreign particles, verdigris, and corrosion, and are expensive to manufacture. The main object of the present invention is to provide a device free from the above named faults, which shall be easy and economical to manufacture and which will deliver a continuous annular jet or spray controlled as to size and direction by the form and relation of the elements between which the annular delivery orifice is formed, and shall be self-flushing.

In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated two practical and approved embodiments of the principle of the invention, and referring thereto Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved nozzle shown as mounted in the wall of an engine manifold or other enclosed chamber designed to receive the spray;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same;

Fig. 8 isa cross sectional detail on the line 33 of Fig. 1; and

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are views corresponding to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, respectively, illustrating another form of the invention.

Referring first to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, 10 may designate a fragment of the wall of an intake manifold or of the head of an engine cylinder, in which is mounted a tubular coupling 11, one end of said coupling extending through the wall. In the opposite end of the coupling 11 is secured by a nut 12 one end of a pipe 13 leading from a pump, or other device which forms and delivers the explosive charge or other product to be vered to an Sprayed. ithin he in n 1922. Serial No. 549,942.

fold or engine cylinder. Within the other end of the coupling 11 is mounted and held therein by a tight fit or otherwise a section 14: of tube constituting the nozzle proper, which tube is closed at its outer end as shown at 15 in Fig. 2, and is formed just inwardly of its closed end with one or more radial passages 16, four such passages disposed atright angles to each other being herein shown. Locked on the outer end of the nozzle 14, as by means of an annular key-groove 17 and a ring key 18 is a sleeve 19 formed with a concave inner end 20. Also slidably mounted on the tube 14 just inwardly of the sleeve 19 is a similar companion sleeve 21 having a concave outer end 22 opposite to and facingthe concave inner end 20 of the sleeve 19. The sleeve 21 is backed by a light compression spring 23 encircling the tube 14 and abutting at one end against the sleeve 21 and at its other end against the inner end of the coupling 11. The spring 23 normally presses the adjacent hollow ends of the sleeves 19 and 21 together, as shown in Fig, 1, thereby produc ing an annular chamber surrounding the outer ends of the radial passageways 16, with which hollow chamber said passageways freely communicate.

In operation, where the device is connected to the discharge line of a primer or like device, the explosive charge, flowing through the nozzle 14 under more or less pressure, is forced through the radial passageways 16 into the annular chamber between the two sleeves, this pressure forcing the rear sleeve 21 backwardly more or less against the resistance of the spring 28, as sh-own'in Fig. 2, according to the pressure of the charge and the resistance of the spring, thereby producing a continuous annular discharge orifice through which the charge is sprayed in a continuous film like annular jet of vapor which is picked up and drawn into the engine cylinder on the suction strokes of the latter.

The annular chamber formed between the two sleeves insures the delivery of the charge in the form of a continuous annular jet, even though one or more of the radial discharge ducts should become clogged; such annular form of the jet insuring its most thorough and uniform dispersion throughout the intake manifold.

w The form of the invention shown in Figs. 4; to 6 inclusive is identical with that hereinabove described except that the inner sleeve 21 is formed with an outwardly flaring flange-like extension 124 which overlaps the outer sleeve 19 and the annular discharge orifice. of the annular chamberbetween the two sleeves, and has the effect of directing the annular jet of vapor inwardly or forwardly. This construction is preferably employed in all situations where it may be desirable to give a particular dir ction of movement to the annular jet upon its discharge. Obviou'sly, wherever it is desired to give to the annular jet a direction other than a radial direction relatively to the discharge nozzle, this may be effected by arranging the extension 2 1 at the desired angle or,.in lieu thereof, locating a similar extension on the sleeve-1 9. I

When the engine is running normally and disengag fuel charges from the carburetor, the spraying nozzle is in the closed position indicated in 1 and 4t, and no suction eii ect is produced on the primer or atomizer to which the nozzle is connected, if the primer or atomizer is sealed a ainstthe suction. 7

From the foregoing it will be manifest that the two sleeves function as a valve to give term and direction to the discharge from the radial ducts of the nozzle.

I have herein shown both sleeves as slidably mounted on the nozzle tube, this construction l eing referred because of greater ease and economy of manufacture; but it is obvious that the outer sleeve 19 may be in tegral or fast with the nozzle tube without involvin any change in the operation or elliciency .ot the device or any departure from the invention as claimed.

The distributor herein shown and described has been designed by me more espe cially for use in association with an auxil J charge-forming device forming the sub ject matter of Letters Patent No. 1,572,381, granted to me February '9, 1926, which device is capable of beingso'manigulated as to function as an auxiliary carburetor before theengine is fully warmed up or is missing on account of a too leanmixtureg and when so used, the sleeve's 19 and 21 open under the jsuction of the intake manifold; This device is=, however,by no means limited to its use with the particular charge-forming device mentioned,but -n1ay advantageously be erriployed with". any other primer or charge-forming device, or in any other situation' where a vaporizing or spraying device is used.

1 claim:

. 1. A spraying and vaporizing nozzle oi the character described, comprising a tube closed at its outer end and formed with one or more lateral discharge passages, a pair of sleeves mounted on said tube. and having their adjacent ends hollowed to form an annular chamber around said discharge passage or passages, and means for elastically pressing said sleeves together.

2. A spraying and vaporizing nozzle of the character described, comprising a tube closed at its outer end and formed with a series or" lateral discharge. passages, a pair oi sleeves mounted on said tube and having their proicim'a'te ends concaved to form an annular chamber surrounding said outlet passages, one or said sleeves being locked against outward movement on said tube and the other slidable inwardly on said tube, and a spring urging said sleeves together whereby said chamber is normally maintained closed. g

3. A spraying and vaporizing nozzle of the character specified, comprising a tube closed at its outer end and formed with a plurality of lateral discharge passages adjacent to said outer end, an outer sleeve locked on the outer end of said tube, an inner sleeve slidably mounted on said tube, the proizini'ate ends of said sleeves being concaved to term an annular chamber surrounding and opposite to the outer ends of said discharge passages, and a compression spring mounted on said tube and urging said inner sleeve towards said outer sleeve, whereby said annular chamber is normally closed and is adapted to be opened under internal pressure.

l. A spraying and vaporizing device of the character specified, including a tubular nozzle closed at its outer end and formed with lateral discharge passages, a pair of sleeves mounted on said nozzle side by side and having their proximateends concaved to form an annular discharge chamber, a springurging said sleeves into contact with each other to close said chamber, and a flange-like extension on one of said sleeves surrounding the joint between the latter and serving to give direction to the annular jet issuing from said chamber.

revise sewers. 

